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[Java] ์™œ clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ• ๊นŒ

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clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ 

1. ๊ฐ์ฒด ๋ณต์‚ฌ

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์ œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ์›๋ณธ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2. ์›๋ณธ ๊ฐ์ฒด ๋ณดํ˜ธ

  • ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๋ณต์ œ: ์›๋ณธ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์›๋ณธ ๊ฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์†์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค.
  • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ณต์œ : ๋ณต์ œ๋œ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์— ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

3. ํƒฌํ”Œ๋ฆฟ ํŒจํ„ด

๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์—์„œ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์›๋ณธ ๊ฐ์ฒด์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

4.  ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ๊ฐ์ฒด ํŒจํ„ด

๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ํ›„ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์›๋ณธ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ํŠน์ง•

1. Cloneable ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋Š” java.lang.Object ํด๋ž˜์Šค์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ณต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด Cloneable ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. Cloneable ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด CloneNotSupportedException์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ์–•์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ์™€ ๊นŠ์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ

๊ธฐ๋ณธ clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋Š” ์–•์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ(shallow copy)๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ํ•„๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์กฐ ํƒ€์ž…์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ฐธ์กฐ๋œ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ฐธ์กฐ๋งŒ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊นŠ์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ(deep copy)๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋ฒ„๋ผ์ด๋“œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐธ์กฐ ๊ฐ์ฒด๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์˜ˆ์ œ

import java.util.Arrays;

class Person implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Address address;

    public Person(String name, int age, Address address) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.address = address;
    }

    // Getter and Setter methods

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        // ์–•์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ
        Person cloned = (Person) super.clone();
        // ๊นŠ์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฐธ์กฐ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋„ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
        // cloned.address = (Address) address.clone();
        return cloned;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{name='" + name + "', age=" + age + ", address=" + address + "}";
    }
}

class Address implements Cloneable {
    private String city;
    private String street;

    public Address(String city, String street) {
        this.city = city;
        this.street = street;
    }

    // Getter and Setter methods

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{city='" + city + "', street='" + street + "'}";
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Address address = new Address("New York", "5th Avenue");
            Person person1 = new Person("John Doe", 30, address);
            Person person2 = (Person) person1.clone();
            
            System.out.println("Original: " + person1);
            System.out.println("Cloned: " + person2);
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ ์œ ์˜ ์‚ฌํ•ญ

1. ์˜ˆ์™ธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋Š” CloneNotSupportedException์„ ๋˜์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ ์–ธํ•ด์•ผ ๋‹ค.

2. ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ณต์‚ฌ

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์–•์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ์™€ ๊นŠ์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊นŠ์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

3. ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ๋ถˆ๋ณ€์„ฑ

clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ๊ฐ์ฒด(Immutable Object)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ ํ›„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„, ๋ณต์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ ๋‹ค.

4.๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฐ์ฒด

๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋ฒ„๋ผ์ด๋”ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ง๋ ฌํ™”/์—ญ์ง๋ ฌํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์‚ฌ ์ƒ์„ฑ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 


ChatGPT ์ถœ์ฒ˜

์ถœ์ฒ˜

  1. Java SE Documentation - Object Class
    • clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์™€ Cloneable ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต์‹ ๋ฌธ์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  2. "Effective Java" by Joshua Bloch
    • ์ž๋ฐ” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋ฒ” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  3. Java Concurrency in Practice by Brian Goetz
    • ์ž๋ฐ”์˜ ๋™์‹œ์„ฑ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ๋ณต์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™๊ธฐํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Gemini์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜

 

์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ๋ช…์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ด์œ 

์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์ž๋ฐ”์˜ clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐ” ๊ด€๋ จ ์„œ์ , ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ฐ•์˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์™œ ํŠน์ • ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ๋ช…์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ๊นŒ์š”?

  • ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด ์ข…ํ•ฉ: ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ถœ์ฒ˜์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ, ๊ฐ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ๋น„์ค‘๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ•™์Šต: ์ €๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์–ด๋–ค ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์ ์— ํ•™์Šตํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ธ์ง€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์ž์—ฐ์–ด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ: ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต๋œ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ธ๊ฐ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋Œ€์‹ , ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ์ž๋ฐ” ๊ด€๋ จ ์„œ์ : "์ž๋ฐ”์˜ ์ •์„", "Head First ์ž๋ฐ”" ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ฒด ๋ณต์ œ์™€ clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
  • ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ฐ•์˜: ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, Udemy, Coursera ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๋ฃŒ ์ž๋ฐ” ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ: Stack Overflow, Reddit ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์—์„œ "์ž๋ฐ” clone", "์–•์€ ๋ณต์ œ", "๊นŠ์€ ๋ณต์ œ"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๊ณต์‹ ์ž๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์„œ: Oracle์˜ ๊ณต์‹ ์ž๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์„œ์—์„œ Cloneable ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์™€ clone() ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ API ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.